组件应在什么嵌套级别从Flux商店读取实体？

我正在重写我的应用程序以使用Flux，但从商店检索数据时遇到问题。我有很多组件，它们嵌套很多。其中有些是大（Article），有些是小而简单（UserAvatar，UserLink）。

我一直在努力在组件层次结构中的哪些位置应该从商店读取数据。
我尝试了两种极端的方法，但我都不喜欢：

所有实体组件都读取自己的数据

需要从Store获得一些数据的每个组件仅接收实体ID，并自行检索实体。
例如，Article被传递articleId，UserAvatar并UserLink传递userId。

这种方法有几个明显的缺点（在代码示例下讨论）。

var Article = React.createClass({
  mixins: [createStoreMixin(ArticleStore)],

  propTypes: {
    articleId: PropTypes.number.isRequired
  },

  getStateFromStores() {
    return {
      article: ArticleStore.get(this.props.articleId);
    }
  },

  render() {
    var article = this.state.article,
        userId = article.userId;

    return (
      <div>
        <UserLink userId={userId}>
          <UserAvatar userId={userId} />
        </UserLink>

        <h1>{article.title}</h1>
        <p>{article.text}</p>

        <p>Read more by <UserLink userId={userId} />.</p>
      </div>
    )
  }
});

var UserAvatar = React.createClass({
  mixins: [createStoreMixin(UserStore)],

  propTypes: {
    userId: PropTypes.number.isRequired
  },

  getStateFromStores() {
    return {
      user: UserStore.get(this.props.userId);
    }
  },

  render() {
    var user = this.state.user;

    return (
      <img src={user.thumbnailUrl} />
    )
  }
});

var UserLink = React.createClass({
  mixins: [createStoreMixin(UserStore)],

  propTypes: {
    userId: PropTypes.number.isRequired
  },

  getStateFromStores() {
    return {
      user: UserStore.get(this.props.userId);
    }
  },

  render() {
    var user = this.state.user;

    return (
      <Link to='user' params={{ userId: this.props.userId }}>
        {this.props.children || user.name}
      </Link>
    )
  }
});

这种方法的缺点：

It's frustrating to have 100s components potentially subscribing to Stores;
It's hard to keep track of how data is updated and in what order because each component retrieves its data independently;
Even though you might already have an entity in state, you are forced to pass its ID to children, who will retrieve it again (or else break the consistency).

All data is read once at the top level and passed down to components

When I was tired of tracking down bugs, I tried to put all data retrieving at the top level. This, however, proved impossible because for some entities I have several levels of nesting.

For example:

A Category contains UserAvatars of people who contribute to that category;
An Article may have several Categorys.

Therefore if I wanted to retrieve all data from Stores at the level of an Article, I would need to:

Retrieve article from ArticleStore;
Retrieve all article's categories from CategoryStore;
Separately retrieve each category's contributors from UserStore;
Somehow pass all that data down to components.

Even more frustratingly, whenever I need a deeply nested entity, I would need to add code to each level of nesting to additionally pass it down.

Summing Up

Both approaches seem flawed. How do I solve this problem most elegantly?

My objectives:

Stores shouldn't have an insane number of subscribers. It's stupid for each UserLink to listen to UserStore if parent components already do that.
如果父组件已经从存储中检索到某个对象（例如user），我不希望任何嵌套的组件都必须再次获取它。我应该能够通过道具传递它。
我不必在顶层获取所有实体（包括关系），因为这会使添加或删除关系复杂化。我不想每次嵌套实体获得新关系（例如category获得curator）时都在所有嵌套级别引入新道具。